I just got some stats from my Swedish university about how many have applied for Chinese and Japanese beginners classes this year. For Chinese that where only 50 and for Japanese it where 500. The interesting part is that the Chinese government claims that 40 million non Chinese students studied Chinese 2012 (around 2 million of them are from Japan). Japanese government said at the same time that 2,3 million non Japanese people did study Japanese. I do not think that Sweden is that different to other non Asian countries so those numbers are strange. Even though most people study outside of the university world it should not be this big difference. Another side of this. In my Chinese classes the students mostly study for career opportunities while my Japanese classes seems to have students who mostly just find Japanese "Cool". This is interesting since it is getting harder and harder to get a work permit in China. Not impossible but harder. Se this article. China doesn't want you: http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-06-07/in-china-expats-find-job-opportunities-are-scant The very same i can see in my office as well.